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Mineralogy and geochemistry of Upper Miocene pelitic sediments of the Zagorje Basin (Croatia): implication for evolution of the Pannonian Basin

• Geologica Carpathica
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• Volume 58 No.3 / June 2007

Published: Jun 2007

Pages: 263 - 276

Authors: ANITA GRIZELJ, DARKO TIBLJAS, MARIJAN KOVACIC

Abstract: According to X-ray powder diffraction analyses of Upper Miocene pelitic sediments from the Zagorje Basin all of the samples contain same mineral species, but in significantly different quantities. Calcite is a dominant component in most of the samples (31–74 wt. %), clay minerals (18–50 wt. %), quartz (5–21 wt. %) and feldspars (1–5 wt. %) are less abundant, while dolomite and pyrite are present only in a few samples. Among clay minerals, in <2 mm insoluble residue fraction, smectite, illite, chlorite and kaolinite were determined. The dominant constituents in 0.09–0.16 mm fraction, as determined by optical microscopy, are quartz, feldspars, rock fragments (chert, quartzite and schists) and micas. Chlorite, limonite, pyrite, garnet, tourmaline, zircon, epidote and staurolite are present as heavy minerals. Pelitic sediments within older (Upper Pannonian) investigated sediments are, in accordance with the mineral composition of insoluble residue and CaCO₃ content, classified as marls, while those in the younger (Lower Pontian) sediments are silty marls. The observed gradual decrease in carbonate content, and simultaneous increase of clayey-silty component, going from older to younger deposits, is the result of the gradual increase of terrigenous influence. Mineral composition of marls together with elemental ratios critical of provenance (SiO₂/Al₂O₃, K₂O/Na₂O, Eu/Eu*, La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Co, Th/Cr and La/Co) and source rock discrimination diagrams (Fe₂O₃-K₂O-Al₂O₃ and La-Th-Sc), point out that source rocks were from the Upper Crust and remarkably felsic in nature. The chemical composition of the sediments and modal composition of silt-size fraction indicate Alpine provenance of the clastic material.

Keywords: Upper Miocene, Zagorje Basin, chemical composition, clay minerals, marl, X-ray diffraction

Volume 58 no. 3 / June 2007

• OMER BOZKAYA, HUSEYIN YALCIN, ZEYNEL BASIBUYUK, OLCAY OZFIRAT, HUSEYIN YILMAZ

  Origin and evolution of the Southeast Anatolian Metamorphic Complex (Turkey)

• ISTVAN KOVACS, KAROLY HIDAS, JORG HERMANN, VICTOR SHARYGIN, CSABA SZABÓ, THEODOROS NTAFLOS

  Fluid induced melting in mantle xenoliths and some implications for the continental lithospheric mantle from the Minusinsk Region (Khakasia, southern Siberia)

• MILAN MATOLIN, JAROMIR HANAK, ZDENEK STRANIK, PAVEL ONDRA, IVAN KASPAREC

  Physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon-bearing sediments (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic)

• LILIAN SVABENICKA, MIROSLAV BUBIK, ZDENEK STRANIK

  Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental changes on the transition from the Menilite to Krosno lithofacies (Western Carpathians, Czech Republic)

• ANITA GRIZELJ, DARKO TIBLJAS, MARIJAN KOVACIC

  Mineralogy and geochemistry of Upper Miocene pelitic sediments of the Zagorje Basin (Croatia): implication for evolution of the Pannonian Basin

• IMRE MAGYAR, MIKLOS LANTOS, KATALIN UJSZASZI, LASZLO KORDOS

  Magnetostratigraphic, seismic and biostratigraphic correlations of the Upper Miocene sediments in the northwestern Pannonian Basin System

• ANDRAS UHRIN, ORSOLYA SZTANO

  Reconstruction of Pliocene fluvial channels feeding Lake Pannon (Gödöllő Hills, Hungary)