International Geological Journal - Official Journal of the Carpathian-Balkan Geological Association

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Planktonic and benthic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Middle Eocene—Lower Miocene successions from the Sivas Basin (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Published: Feb 2016

Pages: 21 - 40

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2016-0002

Authors: AYNUR HAKYEMEZ, NAZIRE ÖZGEN-ERDEM, ÖZGEN KANGAL

Abstract: Planktonic and benthic foraminifera are described from the Middle Eocene-Lower Miocene successions inthe Sivas Basin, Central Anatolia. An integrated foraminiferal zonation provides new age assignments in terms of a great number of taxa for the studied sections. Four biostratigraphical intervals are first recorded based on the concurrent ranges of sporadically occurring but well preserved planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. The first interval characterized by the co-occurrences of Acarinina bullbrooki, Truncorotaloides topilensis and Turborotalia cerroazulensisis referable to the E11 Zone of late Lutetian—early Bartonian. An assemblage yielding Paragloborotalia opima accompanied by Globigerinella obesa forms a basis for the late Chattian O5 Zone. The successive interval corresponds to thelate Chattian O6 Zone indicated by the presence of Globigerina ciperoensis and Globigerinoides primordius along withthe absence of Paragloborotalia opima. The early Aquitanian M1 Zone can be tentatively defined based mainly on theassemblage of Globigerina, Globigerinella, Globoturborotalita and Tenuitella. The biostratigraphical data obtainedfrom the benthic foraminifera assign the studied sections to the SBZ 21—22, SBZ 23 and SBZ 24 ranging in age fromRupelian to Aquitanian. The SBZ 23 and 24 are well constrained biozones by the occurrences of Miogypsinella complanataand Miogypsina gunteri, respectively, whereas the SBZ 21—22 defined by nummulitids and lepidocylinids in the Tethyan Shallow Benthic Zonation is characterized dominantly by peneroplids, soritids and miliolids in the studied sections.Benthic foraminiferal assemblages suggest different paleoenvironments covering lagoon, algal reef and shallow openmarine whereas planktonic foraminifera provides evidence for relatively deep marine settings on the basis of assemblages characterized by a mixture of small-sized simple and more complex morphogroups indicative for intermediatedepths of the water column.

Keywords: Biostratigraphy, planktonic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera, Oligocene-Early Miocene, Sivas Basin, Turkey

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